Hydraulic systems need hoses that can supply fluids under pressure safely. EN 856 4SP and 4SH hoses may look similar, as they both have four spiral steel wire layers on the inside. However, they significantly differ in their pressure rating, standard sizes, weight, and applications.

Selecting the right EN 856 4SP or 4SH hose prevents leaks and physical damage to components, ensuring the system’s continuous, safe performance. Moreover, the appropriate choice allows the fluids to flow steadily and increases the service life of the associated parts.

What Is a 4SP Hose?

A 4SP hose, the high-pressure hydraulic hose complying with the EN 856 4SP standard, typically consists of an oil-resistant synthetic rubber tube, four layers of high-tensile steel wire tightly braided, and a durable cover that protects the reinforcement against abrasion, weather, and ozone.

Normally available in a wide range of bore sizes, the heavy-duty hydraulic hose supplies large commercial earthmoving, agricultural, lifting, and industrial machinery as well as excavators, loaders, mobile cranes, presses, and other equipment fitted with high-pressure hydraulic circuits.

The 4SP hydraulic hose provides a perfect balance between pressure resistance and reduced weight and size as compared to standard hoses with a higher working pressure capacity.

What Is a 4SH Hose?

A 4SH hose complies with EN 856 and has four spiral steel-wire reinforcement layers, but it is substantially heavier and intended for much higher-pressure service. At the same common inside diameter, a standard 4SH hose will typically handle a higher working pressure than a standard 4SP hose.

For example, published EN 856 specification tables typically rate a 25 mm, or one-inch, 4SP hose at approximately 280 bars, whereas a 4SH hose of the same nominal bore is commonly rated at close to 380 bars. Always refer to the hose manufacturer’s current data sheet for exact ratings.

​Key Differences Between 4SP and 4SH Hoses

The differences can be summarised as follows:

  • Pressure: 4SH generally has a higher working pressure rating.
  • Sizes: 4SP is generally available in more reduced diameter sizes.
  •  Build: 4SH generally has a larger overall diameter.
  • Weight: 4SH generally weighs more at the same diameter.
  • Flexibility: The bend radius will generally vary according to the size and type of hose.
  • Use: 4SH is generally more fit for highly demanding and high pressure hydraulic applications.
  • Cost: Heavier hoses can generally be expected to cost more.

These are general trends and should not be taken as indicative of every scenario. It is therefore important to check and read more about specific dimensions and pressure ratings when choosing an assembly.

How to Choose the Correct Hose

Begin your evaluation with the machine manufacturer’s hose specification. Consider the working pressure, pressure surges, fluid type, fluid temperature, ambient temperature, inside diameter, required bend radius, and available routing space. The hose chosen must also be compatible with approved fittings and correct crimp settings.

Do not select one type of hose simply because it has a higher pressure rating. A larger diameter hose may not fit in the available space, may not be flexible enough for the required bend, or may require different fittings. In a similar manner, do not use 4SP hose where 4SH pressure is required.

​Inspect before use. Replace hoses that have cracks, exposed wire, leaks, flattened areas, blisters, or damaged fittings. Do not attempt to repair a pressure hose with clamps or tape. A small opening in a pressure hose can create enough force to inject hydraulic fluid into body tissues, resulting in serious injury.

​Final Thoughts

Both hose styles have four spiral steel-wire layers, but they are used for different pressure applications. 4SP is a general-purpose hose suitable for many high-pressure uses, while 4SH features a higher service rating for more severe service and is available in larger sizes normally found on industrial applications. Rentone Hose is always happy to help buyers with the requirements for hose, but the final decision must be based on the equipment manual, hose data sheet, and approved assembly instructions.

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