Oral health care matters a lot, especially as we age. The ability to have good oral health increases with age and becomes challenging. Seniors have unique problems that call for attention and care. This section discusses common dental problems affecting the elderly and their solutions.

Tooth Decay and Cavities

Tooth decay is still an important issue among the elderly, caused by the weakening of enamel strength and a dry mouth. With age, the enamel on our teeth gets weaker, leaving the teeth vulnerable to decay. More importantly, most medications that are taken by the elderly may result in a dry mouth that prevents the adequate production of saliva, which otherwise ensures the protection of a tooth against the bacteria that causes cavities. A Henderson NV Dentist recommends proactive measures to combat these issues.

Tooth decay prevention:

  • Brushing twice with fluoride toothpaste
  • Hydration: Drinking plenty of water
  • Consider using a fluoride alcohol-free mouthwash
  • Limit sugary and acidic foods and drinks
  • Schedule regular dental check-ups for early detection and treatment

Gum Disease

Periodontal disease is the main cause of tooth loss among elderly people. The condition may be initiated by gingivitis, a condition that affects the gums; they appear red and bleed upon touching. Gingivitis is a preliminary sign of more advanced periodontitis if it remains untreated. Decreased immunity, as well as some other health conditions, make older people vulnerable to gum diseases.

Prevention and control of gum diseases:

  • Practice adequate daily oral hygiene. Brush and floss regularly
  • Use an antibacterial mouthwash to reduce bacteria
  • Quit smoking, as it greatly increases gum disease risk
  • Visit your dentist regularly for cleanings and check-ups
  • If your dentist advises, consider professional treatments such as scaling and root planing

Tooth Loss

Many seniors suffer from tooth loss due to decay, gum disease, or injury. Missing teeth not only impact the appearance but also the ability to eat and speak properly. Fortunately, several options are available to replace missing teeth.

Solutions for tooth loss include:

  • Dental implants: Offer a permanent solution that looks and functions like natural teeth
  • Bridges: Fixed appliances that replace one or more missing teeth
  • Dentures: Removable appliances that can replace multiple or all teeth

Discuss these options with your dentist to determine the best solution for your specific needs and circumstances.

Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

Dry mouth is the most prevalent condition in the elderly, and most often results from medications and sometimes from existing medical conditions. It leads to a heightened risk of tooth decay, gum disease, and oral infection. Oral cavities and health are maintained through the effect of saliva-neutralizing acids, so washing away food particles.

To control dry mouth:

  • Drink plenty of water
  • Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugarless lozenges
  • Use over-the-counter saliva substitutes
  • Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and tobacco, which contribute to worsening dry mouth
  • Use a humidifier, especially at night, to add moisture to the air

Oral Cancer

The risk of oral cancer increases with age, and this is why the older population requires regular screenings. Early detection considerably increases the possibility of successful treatment.

To decrease the risk of oral cancer:

  • Stop all forms of tobacco use
  • Reduce alcohol use
  • Apply lip balm containing SPF to prevent sun exposure
  • Maintain a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
  • Regular dental check-ups that include oral cancer screenings

Wear and Tear

Years of use can cause worn teeth, making them more prone to sensitivity and decay. Grinding teeth (bruxism) can make this worse, especially if it is not addressed.

To control wear and tear:

  • Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle brushing technique
  • Consider using desensitizing toothpaste for sensitive teeth
  • Raise with your dentist the possibility of a night guard, if you grind your teeth
  • Discuss with your dentist how restoration, through bonding or crowns for severely worn teeth, might be achieved

Inability to Clean Suitably

Osteoarthritis can make dental oral care a bit impossible for elderly people. Nonetheless, proper oral care is crucial for preventing dental problems.

Tips on oral care

  • Use an electric toothbrush with an enlarged handle to enable easy grip
  • Try floss picks or water flossers as alternatives to traditional floss
  • Try adaptations of toothbrush handles or built-up handles to improve control
  • Consider interdental brushes if flossing is problematic for cleaning between the teeth

Root Caries

When gums recede with age, the roots of the teeth begin to be exposed, which enhances the chances of root caries. Root cavities progress relatively fast and tend to be much harder to repair than those at the crown.

Prevention of root caries

  • Use fluoride toothpaste and other fluoride treatments as appropriate
  • Be diligent about good oral hygiene and make sure to brush the gum line
  • Get dental sealants applied in high-risk areas
  • Follow a diet that is low in sugars and acids

Poor-Fitting Dentures

For the older adult with dentures, the proper fit can be a factor in comfort, function, and oral health. Poor-fitting dentures may cause sore spots, and difficulties with eating, and even contribute to nutritional deficiencies.

To solve problems with dentures:

  • Dentures are checked and adjusted periodically by a dentist
  • Clean dentures daily and soak them overnight
  • Remove dentures for at least a few hours each day to rest the gums
  • Consider implant-supported dentures for improved stability and comfort

Medication Side Effects

Many medications commonly prescribed to seniors can affect oral health, causing issues like dry mouth, altered taste, or gum overgrowth. It’s essential to discuss these potential side effects with your healthcare provider and dentist.

To manage medication-related oral health issues:

  • Provide the dentist with a comprehensive list of medications
  • Explore other drugs or dosages if the oral side effects are unbearable
  • Additional oral care measures should also be included as prescribed by your dentist

Conclusion

Take care of your dental health in old age by awareness, preventive care, and emerging issues. Timely dental check-ups, strict home care, and a healthy lifestyle will ensure a smiling future. By addressing common dental concerns proactively, seniors can enjoy better overall health, improved quality of life, and the confidence that comes with a healthy mouth. Remember, it’s never too late to prioritize oral health and take steps toward a brighter, healthier smile.